{"id":4862,"date":"2026-02-12T08:58:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T08:58:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.stalin-line.by\/samohodnye-gaubicy\/"},"modified":"2026-02-25T08:35:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T08:35:31","slug":"samohodnye-gaubicy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stalin-line.by\/en\/samohodnye-gaubicy\/","title":{"rendered":"Self-Propelled Howitzers"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tISU-152 Heavy Self-Propelled Artillery Gun<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe ISU-152 self-propelled gun was developed on the chassis of the IS-1 heavy tank (IS standing for Joseph Stalin) and entered service in November 1943. The new self-propelled guns were first used on a large scale in the summer of 1944 during Operation Bagration, the Belarusian strategic offensive. Self-propelled artillery regiments particularly distinguished themselves in the battles for Polotsk and Vitebsk.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe self-propelled gun had a crew of five: vehicle commander, gun commander, driver-mechanic, loader and breech operator. It weighed 46 tonnes, and its 520 hp diesel engine gave it a top speed of 40 km\/h. Its ammunition load comprised 20 separately loaded rounds with armour-piercing tracer shells, high-explosive fragmentation shells and steel howitzer shells. At a range of 1,000 metres, an armour-piercing shell could penetrate 123 mm of armour.<\/div>\n
\n\tThe principal role of the 152 mm self-propelled gun was to dislodge the enemy from heavily fortified trenches, where its concrete-piercing and high-explosive fragmentation shells left virtually no chance of survival. The ISU-152 also proved highly effective in urban combat, driving enemy troops from partly ruined buildings. These heavy self-propelled guns were also used very effectively against enemy tanks: the 152 mm shell could penetrate the armour of the latest German tanks from almost any range. The nicknames given to this formidable vehicle speak for themselves: the Soviet \u2018Zveroboy\u2019 and the German \u2018Dosen\u00f6ffner\u2019 (\u2018tin opener\u2019).<\/div>\n
\n\tThe self-propelled guns were also used successfully in the assault on K\u00f6nigsberg\u2019s formidable fortifications and in the Battle of Berlin.<\/div>\n
\n\tThe ISU-152 was the most powerful Soviet self-propelled gun of the Second World War. During its years of production, the vehicle earned the respect of soldiers and officers, received high praise for its combat capabilities and made a significant contribution to the Great Victory over Nazi Germany.<\/div>\n

\n\t122 mm 2S1 Gvozdika Self-Propelled Howitzer<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer entered service in 1971.
\n\tIts principal roles are to destroy and suppress enemy personnel and infantry weapons, demolish field fortifications, breach minefields and barbed-wire obstacles, and engage enemy artillery, mortars and armoured vehicles.<\/p>\n

\n\tThree crew members are stationed in the turret: the gunner at the front left, the vehicle commander behind him and the loader to the right of the gun. The driver\u2019s compartment and engine-transmission compartment are located in the front of the hull. The main armament of the 2S1 Gvozdika is a 122 mm D-32 howitzer mounted in a fully traversable turret. Its rate of fire is 4\u20135 rounds per minute. The gun has an elevation range of \u22123 to +70 degrees. The Gvozdika is equipped with a PG-2 periscopic sight for both indirect and direct fire. Its standard ammunition load usually consists of 35 high-explosive fragmentation shells and five HEAT shells. The HEAT shell can penetrate 180 mm of armour. The maximum firing range is 15,200 metres.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe Gvozdika chassis was developed from the MT-LB multi-purpose armoured tractor. Its road wheels are made of aluminium alloy.
\n\tThe self-propelled gun has a watertight hull and can cross water obstacles while afloat. In the water it is propelled by its tracks, reaching a speed of 4.5 km\/h. The Gvozdika has a combat weight of no more than 16 tonnes, allowing it to be transported by military transport aircraft.<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\t152 mm 2S3 Akatsiya Self-Propelled Howitzer<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\tLike the Gvozdika, the 152 mm Akatsiya self-propelled gun began entering service with the Soviet Army in the early 1970s. It has a combat weight of 27.5 tonnes and a crew of four. The self-propelled howitzer offers high speed and good cross-country mobility. It can reach 60 km\/h on roads.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe 2S3 self-propelled gun is divided into three compartments: the driver\u2019s compartment, engine compartment and fighting compartment.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe Akatsiya\u2019s main armament is a 152 mm D-22 howitzer. The howitzer uses separate-loading ammunition: the shell is first rammed into the barrel, followed by the cartridge case containing the propellant charge. The Akatsiya\u2019s standard ammunition load usually comprises 42 high-explosive fragmentation shells and four HEAT shells. In addition, a round carrying a 2-kiloton nuclear warhead was introduced in the 1970s. The maximum firing range is 17,400 metres.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe self-propelled howitzer is equipped with an air-filtration system, an automatic fire-suppression system activated when the temperature rises in the fighting or engine compartments, and a system that seals the crew compartments to protect the crew from the effects of chemical, biological and nuclear weapons. The latter is activated automatically upon detecting gamma radiation produced by a nuclear explosion.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe self-propelled howitzer can be transported by air, with an An-22 aircraft capable of carrying two vehicles at once. The Akatsiya self-propelled gun proved highly effective during combat operations in Afghanistan and Chechnya, as well as in other armed conflicts. Production of the Akatsiya ceased in 1993.<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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