{"id":4892,"date":"2026-02-12T08:58:40","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T08:58:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.stalin-line.by\/engineer-tech\/"},"modified":"2026-02-25T08:35:31","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T08:35:31","slug":"engineer-tech","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stalin-line.by\/en\/engineer-tech\/","title":{"rendered":"Military Engineering Equipment"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tMT-55 Armoured Vehicle-Launched Bridge<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tAn armoured vehicle-launched bridge is an armoured military engineering vehicle based on a tank chassis. It is designed to transport, deploy and recover a bridge under combat conditions, enabling tanks and other combat vehicles to advance. All operations are performed remotely, without the crew having to leave the vehicle.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe MT-55 armoured vehicle-launched bridge is based on the T-55 medium tank and is designed to deploy a single-span metal bridge with a load capacity of 50 tonnes across obstacles up to 17 metres wide. The bridge can be crossed by personnel on foot and by all types of wheeled and tracked vehicles. Unlike its MTU and MTU-20 predecessors, it uses a different bridge deployment system: the folded bridge is first raised to a vertical position, then unfolded while simultaneously being lowered across the obstacle. The bridge is 18 metres long and 3.3 m wide. It takes 3 minutes to deploy and 8 minutes to recover.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe vehicle is sealed and equipped with a deep-wading system for depths of up to 5 metres, an anti-nuclear protection system, an automatic fire-suppression system and an air-filtration unit. This enables it to operate in areas contaminated by chemical agents and radioactive substances. The MT-55 armoured vehicle-launched bridge is in service with the combat engineer company of a motor rifle or tank regiment.<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tIRM Engineer Reconnaissance Vehicle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe IRM engineer reconnaissance vehicle entered service in 1980. It is designed to conduct engineer reconnaissance of terrain, troop movement routes and water obstacles, and to locate minefields and explosive obstacles.
\n\tTo perform such a wide range of tasks, the vehicle is equipped with a unique suite of fixed and portable instruments. These provide data on the width, depth and current speed of water obstacles, terrain trafficability, and the presence of explosive devices in the ground and at fording sites. They also enable reconnaissance in areas contaminated by toxic or radioactive substances.
\n\tThe base vehicle is the MT-LBu multipurpose tractor, modified to provide amphibious capability and enable movement through water.
\n\tThe IRM is equipped with a wide-area mine detector, echo sounder, navigation equipment, day and night observation devices, an artillery director compass, radiation and chemical reconnaissance instruments, and thermal smoke-generating equipment for laying smoke screens. It also carries a range of portable instruments for reconnaissance and mine detection.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe IRM has a crew of six and a combat weight of 17 tonnes. The reconnaissance vehicle is armed with a 7.62 mm PKT machine gun designed to engage ground targets at ranges of up to 1,000 metres.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe IRM can travel on land at speeds of up to 52 km\/h and has a maximum speed of 11 km\/h when afloat. Its powerplant consists of a six-cylinder 300 hp diesel engine. Solid-propellant rocket motors are used for self-recovery. A motor rifle division\u2019s engineer-sapper battalion operates two IRM engineer reconnaissance vehicles. <\/p>\n

\n\tIMR-2 Combat Engineering Vehicle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tCombat engineering vehicles belong to a class of vehicles designed to clear routes through obstacles, rubble and wreckage as part of engineering support for combat operations, including in radioactively contaminated areas. To perform these tasks, they are equipped with dozer blades, cranes and auxiliary equipment.\u00a0The exhibition at the Stalin Line Historical and Cultural Complex includes an IMR-2 combat engineering vehicle. It was developed on the tracked chassis of the T-72A tank and entered service in 1980. It was mass-produced at Uralvagonzavod in Nizhny Tagil.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe vehicle is fitted with dozer equipment offering three operating configurations: straight dozer, V-shaped blade and grader. The configuration can be changed remotely without the crew leaving the vehicle. To clear trees and collapsed walls from routes and pull out posts and fences, the IMR-2 has a telescopic boom fitted with a grab manipulator and a lifting capacity of 2 tonnes. To clear routes through minefields independently, the IMR-2 is equipped with a track-width knife mine plough and a mine-clearing system. Its main armament is a 7.62 mm PKT tank machine gun.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe vehicle is sealed and equipped with a deep-wading system for operation at depths of up to 5 metres, an anti-nuclear protection system, an automatic fire-suppression system and an air-filtration system, enabling it to operate in areas contaminated with toxic and radioactive substances. Many of these vehicles were used during the clean-up following the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Radiation levels in 1986, ranging from 60 to 500 R\/h or more, severely restricted the use of conventional construction and transport equipment. Combat engineering vehicles cleared routes to the reactor and removed fragments of nuclear fuel rods and the remains of walls. IMR-2 vehicles were also used to construct the protective containment structure over the destroyed reactor. <\/p>\n

\n\tMTU-20 Armoured Vehicle-Launched Bridge<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe MTU-20 is a Soviet armoured vehicle-launched bridge. It was developed on the chassis of the T-55 medium tank by the Omsk Transport Machine-Building Design Bureau and was mass-produced from 1963 to 1977.<\/p>\n

\n\tIt was designed to lay a single-span metal bridge with a load capacity of 50 tonnes across obstacles up to 18 metres wide. The crew can lay the bridge without leaving the vehicle. To deploy the bridge, the vehicle approaches the obstacle and uses a hydraulic system to move the end sections of the bridge from the travelling to the operational position. An outrigger at the front of the vehicle is then lowered to the ground, and the bridge is extended across the obstacle. The bridge is 20 metres long, 3.3 metres wide and weighs 7 tonnes. It takes 5 minutes to lay and 10 minutes to recover. The vehicle can recover the bridge from either the original bank or the opposite bank.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe MTU-20 is equipped with a deep-wading system for operation at depths of up to 5 metres, an anti-nuclear protection system, an automatic fire-suppression system and an air-filtration system, enabling it to operate in areas contaminated with toxic and radioactive substances.<\/p>\n

\n\tDuring the Soviet era, the MTU-20 was in service with the combat engineer company of motor rifle and tank regiments.<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\tUR-77 Mine-Clearing Vehicle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tUntil the late 1980s, Soviet military specialists attached great importance to offensive operations by large armoured and mechanised formations, whose success depended on bold, rapid and decisive manoeuvre. The manoeuvrability of advancing or deploying troops could be impeded by minefields and explosive obstacles laid by the enemy in advance or by remotely delivered mines deployed during combat. Rapidly breaching minefields to create safe lanes therefore became essential if combined-arms units and formations were to accomplish their assigned combat missions.<\/p>\n

\n\tTo overcome minefields, the Soviet Union developed the special UR-67 and UR-77 mine-clearing vehicles, designed to create lanes through minefields using explosive charges during combat operations. The UR-67 was developed in the mid-1960s and began to be replaced by the new UR-77 just ten years later.<\/p>\n

\tThe UR-77 mine-clearing vehicle, also known as the \u201cZmey Gorynych\u201d, was developed on the chassis of the 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer and entered series production in 1978. Its main armament comprises two elongated mine-clearing charges of the UZ-67 or UZP-77 type. Each charge can create a lane up to 6 metres wide and 90 metres long through an anti-tank minefield. Mine clearance is achieved by the shock wave generated by the charge\u2019s explosion, which acts upon the mine fuzes. The mine-clearing charges are deployed onto the enemy minefield by special solid-propellant rockets, which tow them through the air.
\n\tThe vehicle takes about five minutes to launch its two charges and up to 40 minutes to reload fully after a mine-clearing cycle. The system has a crew of two: a driver-mechanic and a commander-operator.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe UR-77 remains one of the world\u2019s finest mine-clearing systems.<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tBAT-2 Tracked Route-Clearing Vehicle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tRoute-clearing vehicles are unarmoured machines designed primarily to mechanise the work involved in preparing routes for military columns. Their tasks include filling in craters and trenches, creating gentle approaches on steep slopes, clearing routes of scrub and small trees, preparing routes across virgin snow, creating passages through anti-tank ditches and other earthwork obstacles. The exhibition at the Stalin Line Historical and Cultural Complex includes the BAT-2 and BAT-M route-clearing vehicles.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe BAT-2 route-clearing vehicle was developed on the chassis of the MT-T heavy tracked transporter-tractor. It has a 710 hp engine, weighs 39.7 tonnes and can travel over unsurfaced terrain at speeds of up to 35 km\/h. The BAT-2 military engineering vehicle is equipped with a hydraulically operated blade that can be set to grader, V-blade or bulldozer configuration. It also has a crane with a lifting capacity of 2 tonnes and a winch with a pulling capacity of 25 tonnes.
\n\tThe BAT-2 is also equipped with a ripper capable of working to a depth of 0.5 metres. <\/p>\n

\n\tThe crew of the route-clearance vehicle is accommodated in the cab at the front of the hull, together with a six-man combat engineer section. The BAT-2 route-clearance vehicle offers good cross-country mobility and manoeuvrability and is easy to operate.<\/p>\n

\n\tBAT-M Tracked Route-Clearance Vehicle<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe BAT-M route-clearance vehicle was developed on the chassis of the AT-T heavy artillery tractor. It has a 415 hp engine, a road speed of up to 35 km\/h and a gross weight of 27.5 tonnes, and is operated by a crew of two. Its substantial fuel capacity gives the vehicle a range of over 500 km or allows it to operate independently for 12\u201315 hours.
\n\tThe working blade can be configured in bulldozer, V-shaped or grader positions. The vehicle is also fitted with crane equipment with a lifting capacity of 2 tonnes. The sealed cab is equipped with a filter-ventilation system, enabling the vehicle to operate in areas contaminated by chemical agents and radioactive substances.
\n\tDuring the clean-up following the accident at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant, BAT-M tracked engineer vehicles were used to carry out mechanised decontamination work in areas adjacent to the destroyed nuclear reactor. BAT-M vehicles removed the upper layer of soil, which was heavily contaminated with radionuclides, for subsequent disposal.<\/p>\n

\n\tExcavation Machine<\/strong> MDK-3<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe MDK-3 excavation machine is a further development of the MDK-2M and is designed to excavate trenches and shelters for military vehicles, as well as pits for fortifications such as dugouts, shelters and firing positions. The pits are 3.7 metres wide at the bottom and up to 3.5 metres deep.<\/p>\n

\n\tDuring excavation, the spoil is deposited on one side, to the left of the pit, to form a parapet. Its rated earth-moving capacity is 500\u2013600 m\u00b3 per hour.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe base vehicle is the MT-T multi-purpose heavy tracked tractor, manufactured from 1976 to 1991 by the Malyshev Kharkov Machine-Building Plant. It weighs 39 tonnes and has a road speed of up to 65 km\/h. The sealed cab is equipped with an air-filtration system, enabling the vehicle to operate in areas contaminated by chemical agents and radioactive substances.
\n\tThe fuel capacity provides a range of 500 km or 10\u201312 hours of earthmoving operations.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe auxiliary equipment comprises a powerful bulldozer blade and a ripper for frozen ground, significantly enhancing the vehicle\u2019s capabilities compared with its predecessor.<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tMDK-2M Excavation Machine<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe MDK-2M excavation machine is designed to excavate trenches and shelters for vehicles, as well as pits for fortifications such as dugouts, shelters and firing positions. The pits are 3.5 metres deep and wide. During excavation, the removed soil is deposited on the right-hand side of the pit to form a parapet. Its rated excavation capacity is 300 m\u00b3\/h.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe MDK-2M excavation machine was developed on the chassis of the AT-T heavy artillery tractor. It has a 415 hp engine, weighs 27.3 tonnes and has a maximum road speed of 36 km\/h. The sealed cab is equipped with an air-filtration system, enabling the machine to operate in areas contaminated by toxic and radioactive substances. Its fuel capacity provides a range of 500 km or 10\u201312 hours of earthmoving operations.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe machine\u2019s bulldozer equipment allows it to carry out earthmoving tasks such as levelling the site before excavating a pit, clearing and levelling the bottom of the pit, and filling in holes, ditches, trenches and pits. Three MDK-2M excavation machines are assigned to the engineer-sapper battalion of a motor rifle or tank division.<\/p>\n

\n\t
\n\tBTM-3 High-Speed Trenching Machine<\/strong><\/p>\n

\n\tThe BTM-3 high-speed trenching machine belongs to the earthmoving equipment class. It is designed to excavate standard-profile trenches 1.1 m deep or full-profile trenches 1.5 m deep. The machine can excavate trenches in various types of soil, ranging from sand to frozen ground.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe working equipment consists of a rotary wheel fitted with eight buckets, each with a capacity of 160 litres. Excavated soil is deposited on both sides of the trench, forming front and rear parapets approximately 50 cm high. Depending on the specified trench depth and the hardness of the ground, the BTM-3 has an output of between 270 and 810 metres per hour. When excavating a shallower trench 30\u201340 cm deep, output increases to 1,200 m\/h. This may be required when constructing dummy trenches or when time is limited.<\/p>\n

\n\tThe vehicle was developed on the basis of the AT-T heavy artillery tractor and is powered by a 415 hp diesel engine. Its road speed is up to 35 km\/h. It carries enough fuel for a range of 500 km or 10\u201312 hours of earthmoving operations.\u00a0The sealed cab is equipped with an air-filtration system, allowing the vehicle to operate in areas contaminated by chemical agents and radioactive materials. The BTM-3 crew consists of
\n\t2 people. The vehicle weighs 27.5 tonnes. BTM trenching machines were manufactured at the Dmitrov Excavator Plant from 1957.
\n\tThree BTM-3 high-speed trenching machines are assigned to the combat engineer battalion of a motor rifle (tank) division.<\/p>\n

\n\t\"\"<\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>\n

\n\t <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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